The first Malayalam film, "Balaan," was released in 1929, marking the beginning of Malayalam cinema. The film was produced by the renowned filmmaker, S. Nottan, and was an adaptation of a popular Malayalam novel of the same name. During the early days, Malayalam cinema was heavily influenced by the social and cultural fabric of Kerala. The films were primarily based on mythological and historical stories, reflecting the state's rich cultural heritage. The 1930s and 1940s saw the rise of social reform films, which addressed issues like casteism, social inequality, and women's rights.

The 1970s and 1980s saw the emergence of New Wave cinema in Malayalam, which marked a significant shift in the film industry. Filmmakers like Adoor Gopalakrishnan, K. S. Sethumadhavan, and P. A. Thomas experimented with new themes, narratives, and techniques, pushing the boundaries of Malayalam cinema. Movies like "Adoor" (1961), "Swayamvaram" (1972), and "Nokkethado Doorathu Kannum Nattu" (1982) showcased the complexities of human relationships, exploring themes of identity, morality, and social justice.

The 1950s and 1960s are often referred to as the Golden Age of Malayalam cinema. During this period, filmmakers like A. B. Raj, S. S. Rajan, and Ramu Kariat produced films that showcased Kerala's culture, traditions, and social issues. Movies like "Nirmala" (1938), "Balanaga" (1950), and "Neelakuyil" (1954) are considered some of the best works of this era. These films not only entertained audiences but also provided a platform for social commentary, critiquing the existing social norms and advocating for change.

Malayalam cinema has always been deeply rooted in Kerala culture, reflecting the state's traditions, customs, and values. The films often showcase the beauty of Kerala's natural landscapes, from the rolling hills of the Western Ghats to the tranquil backwaters. The cinema also highlights the state's rich cultural heritage, including its festivals, rituals, and art forms like Kathakali and Ayurveda. The portrayal of Kerala's cuisine, like the iconic sadya, has also become a staple in Malayalam cinema.